Information about the opera
L’ INCONTRO IMPROVISO. DRAMA GIOCOSO PER MUSICA TRADOTTO DAL FRANCESE, E RAPPRESENTATO Á ESTERHAZ. IN OCCASIONE DEL FELICISSIMO ARRIVO DELLA A.L.L.R.R. IL SERENISSIMO ARCIDUCA D’ AUSTRIA FERDINANDO. E DELLA SERENISSIMA ARCIDUCHESSA BEATRICE. D’ ESTE. SUL TEATRO DI S. A. IL PRENCIPE NICOLO ESTERHAZY DE GALANTA. NEL MESE D’ AGOSTO DELL’ ANNO 1775.
A visit by Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Maria Beatrice d’Este.
Ab März 1776 stand die Oper wieder auf dem Spielplan mit rund 13 Aufführungen9. L'incontro improvviso ist geschichtlich gesehen eine der spannendsten Opern Joseph Haydns. Die Oper entstand noch in der I. Periode, erlebte aber ihre Blüte mit den rund 13 Opern im Jahre 1776 also in der II. Periode, als die Opernbetrieb im Fürstlichen Opernhaus zu Esterház mit einem Mal seinen ausgedehnten Opernbetrieb aufnahm. War es im Jahre 1775 nur eine Opernaufführung einer Opernproduktion, nämlich der vorliegenden Opern L'incontro improvviso, so präsentierte das Opernhaus 1776 sechs Premieren und eine Wiederaufnahme, eben L'incontro improvviso. Insgesamt fanden 1776 weit über 30 Opernaufführungen statt. Dieses Jahr markiert auch den Übergang von der I. zur II. Phase im Opernbetrieb. Interessant dabei ist die Rolle des Sängerehepaares Friberth. Laut Besoldungsliste müssten Sie eigentlich im Mai 1776 aus dem Dienst ausgeschieden sein. Jedoch treffen das Sängerehepaar Dichtler und Christian Specht, wesentliche Rollen in L'incontro improvviso, erst am 10. Arpil auf Schloss Esterház ein. Eröffnet wurde dieses wichtige Jahr aber mit Glucks "Orfeo ed Euridice". Rein rechnerisch ist es daher unmöglich innerhalb eines knappen Monats 13 Aufführungen von L'incontro improvviso umzusetzen. Das lässt wohl den Schluss zu, dass das Sängerehepaar Friberth auch den Rest des Jahres für die Hauptrollen des Ali und der Rezia in L'incontro improvviso zur Verfügung standen und außerhalb des Besoldungssystems entlohnt wurden. Dafür sprechen auch zwei Abrechnungen über Kleider der Magdalena Spangler-Friberth im November des Jahres 1776.
L'Incontro Improvviso - Dramma giocoso per musica
1. Akt, 1. Halbband, 2. und 3. Akt, 2. Halbband
Editor: Helmut Wirth; Reihe XXV, Band 6;
1962 und 1963, G. Henle Verlag München
Im unvollständigen Autograph fehlen im 1. Akt fast vollständig die Sinfonia (nur 41 Takte blieben erhalten) sowie im 2. Akt die große Arie Nr. 29 der Rezia Or vicina a te, wie auch die begleitenden Rezitative. Auch fehlen die ersten fünf Takte der darauf folgenden Gleichnisarie des Ali Il guerrier con armi avvolto.
Der unvollständig erhaltene Autograph konnte aber bis auf die zwei Rezitative vor und nach Nr. 29 aus zwei Quellen komplettiert werden, einer Abschrift und zweier, separat 1783 bei Artaria Wien erschienenen Teile. Dabei handelt es sich um die vollständige Sinfonia sowie die gekürzte Fassung der Aria Nr. 29. Ab Tra scherzi d‘amore korreliert diese gekürzte Version nicht mehr mit dem Textbuch.
Bei der Abschrift wiederum handelt es sich um eine Partiturkopie einer deutschen Bearbeitung, doch führte diese die Sinfonia und die Arie Nr. 29 gar nicht an!
In dieser Partiturkopie jedenfalls wurden die Secco-Rezitative durch gesprochene Dialoge ersetzt. So gingen „automatisch“ die beiden die Arie Nr. 29 begleitenden Rezitative unwiederbringlich verloren.
- Zusammenfassend fehlen also die Rezitative vor und nach der großen und dennoch von Haydn gekürzten Arie Nr. 29 der Rezia Or vicina a te.
Persons

Persons
Joseph Haydn | opera conductor |
Joseph Haydn | theatre director |
Hieronymus Bon | theatre painter |
Basilius Grundmann | scenic painter |
Joseph Elßler | copist |
alto | |
soprano | |
tenor | |
soprano | |
bass | |
tenor | |
soprano | |
bass | |
soprano | |
bass | |
soprano |
Ali | Prencipe di Balsóra, amante di Rezia | tenor |
Rezia | Principessa di persia favorita di Sultano d'Egitto nel serraglio | soprano |
Balkis | Schiava, confidente di Rezia | soprano |
Dardane | Schiava, confidente di Rezia | soprano |
Osmin | Schiavo d' Ali | tenor |
Un Calandro | lnspettore del caravan magazzino | bass |
1mo, 2do, 3zo Sulterno Calandri | bassi | |
II Sultano d' Egitto | bass | |
Un Ufficiale | tenor |
Ali | Prencipe di Balsóra, amante di Rezia | |
Rezia | Principessa di persia favorita di Sultano d'Egitto nel serraglio | |
Balkis | Schiava, confidente di Rezia | |
Dardane | Schiava, confidente di Rezia | |
Osmin | Schiavo d' Ali | |
Un Calandro | lnspettore del caravan magazzino | |
II Sultano d' Egitto |
Tutti in attual' servizio di S. A. il Prencipe Esterhazy.
COMPARSE
Un' Ufficiale, Guardie, Calandri, Schiave, e Schiavi.
La Musica è di GIUSEPPE HAYDEN. Maestro di Capella in servizio di S. A. il Prencipe Esterhazy.
La Poesia è di CARLO FRIBERTH parimente in servizio di S. A. il Prencipe Esterhazy.
oboe | Carl Chorus, Zacharias Pohl |
basoon | Johann Hinterberger, Caspar Peczival |
horn | Carl Franz, wohl entweder Franz Pauer oder Joseph Oliva |
Pauke | Caspar Peczival |
violin/viola | Luigi Tomasini (cm), Joseph Dietzl, Franz Pauer und/oder Joseph Oliva, Anton Höld, Johann Dietzl, Joseph Purcksteiner (viola) |
violoncello | Xavier Marteau |
double bass | Carl Schiringer |
Libretto

Libretto
This was the first time that Carl Friberth was responsible for a libretto. He had translated Louis Heurteaux Dancourt’s libretto for Gluck’s Opera comique ‘La rencontre imprévue’ (1764) into Italian and adapted it significantly but skilfully. Dancourt’s libretto is based on the vaudeville comedy ‘Les pèlerins imprévue’.10
Friberth’s arrangement included reducing the ‘Interlocutori’ by three roles (Amine, Vertigo and the leader of the caravan were deleted), an arrangement that probably corresponded to the prince’s taste and met Haydn’s requirements without reducing the enlightening element of the opera.
Opera parts

Opera parts
1. | Ouverture | ||
ATTO PRIMO | |||
SCENA I | |||
2. |
Introduzione Calandro, lmo, 2do, 3zo Subalterno Che hevanda, ehe liquore! |
||
SCENA II | |||
3. | Recitativo Calandro Ancor io la mia parte faro | ||
SCENA III | |||
4. | Canzonetta Osmin L'amore è un gran briccone | ||
5. | Recitativo Osmin Eccoci finalmente | ||
SCENA IV | |||
(Recitativo) Calandro, Osmin Illah, Illah, ha! | |||
6. | Aria Calandro Castagno, castagna | ||
7. | Recitativo Osmin, Calandro Che il diavolo vi porti | ||
8. | Aria Calandro Noi pariamo Santarelli | ||
9. |
Recitativo secco ed accompagnato Calandro, Osmin Via dunque, sior huffone! |
||
SCENA V | |||
(Recitativo accompagnato) Rezia Lo trovasti? | |||
10. | Aria Rezia Quanto affetto mi sorprende! | ||
11. | Recitativo Rezia, Balkis, Dardane Ah, Balkis amica, Dardane! | ||
12. | Terzetto Rezia, Dardane, Balkis Mi sembra un sogno | ||
SCENA VI | |||
13. | Recitativo accompagnato Ali Indarno m'affanno | ||
14. | Aria Ali Deh! Se in ciel pietade avete | ||
SCENA VII | |||
15. | Recitativo Calandro, Osmin Eh ben, fratello | ||
16. | Duetto Osmin, Calandro Castagno, castagna | ||
17. | Recitativo Ali, Osmin, Calandro Osmin! lo ti conosco | ||
18. | Aria OSMIN Che sian i Calandri filosofi pazzi | ||
SCENA VIII | |||
19. | Recitativo Balkis, Osmin, Ali È quello, che sta con il Calandro? | ||
20. | Aria Balkis Siam femmine buonine | ||
21. | Recitativo Balkis, Ali Venite, signor | ||
SCENA IX | |||
22. | Finale Balkis, Osmin, Ali Sangue d'un ginocchio storto! | ||
ATTO SECONDO | |||
SCENA I | |||
23. | Recitativo Osmin, Ali Che ne dite, signor | ||
24. | Canzonetta Ali, Osmin Quivi in un seren gentile | ||
25. | Recitativo Ali Prendi, Osmin | ||
SCENA II | |||
(Recitativo) Osmin, Dardane, Ali Hem, signor | |||
26. | Aria Dardane Ho promesso oprar destrezza | ||
SCENA III | |||
27. | Recitativo Osmin, Ali Evviva! Ma io per me credo | ||
SCENA IV | |||
(Recitativo) Ali, Rezia, Balkis Giusti Cieli! | |||
28. | Canzonetta Rezia Non piangete, putte care | ||
29. | Aria Rezia Or vicina a te, mio cuore | ||
Aria Rezia Or vicina a te, mio cuore (fehlt in der Partitur) | |||
SCENA V | |||
Ali, Balkis Venite pur a gara (fehlt in der Partitur) | |||
30. | Aria Ali Il guerrier con armi avvolto | ||
SCENA VI | |||
31. | Recitativo Balkis Felici amanti, andate | ||
32. | Aria Balkis Ad acquistar già volo | ||
SCENA VII | |||
33. | Recitativo Osmin, Calandro Dico e ridico | ||
34. | Canzonetta Calandro Il Profeta Maometto | ||
35. | Recitativo Osmin, Calandro Bravo, fratello! | ||
36. | Aria Osmin Senti, al buio pian, pianino | ||
SCENA VIII | |||
37. | Recitativo Rezia, Ali Come già dissi | ||
38. | Duetto Rezia, Ali Son quest'occhi un stral d'amore | ||
39. |
Finale Rezia, Balkis, Dardane, Ali, Osmin, Calandro È in ordine la festa |
||
ATTO TERZO | |||
SCENA I | |||
40. | Recitativo Ali, Calandro, Rezia Amico! Eccoci dunque | ||
SCENA II | |||
(Recitativo) Balkis, Rezia, Osmin, Calandro Come rapisce un impensato piacer! |
|||
SCENA III | |||
(Recitativo) Osmin, Rezia Alla hon'ora | |||
41. | Canzonetta Rezia S'egli e vero, che dagli astri | ||
42. | Recitativo Ali, Rezia Principessa amabile! | ||
SCENA IV | |||
(Recitativo) Dardane, Rezia, Balkis, Osmin, Ali Cieli! Siam rovinati | |||
SCENA V | |||
(Recitativo) Balkis, Calandro Come? Voi, Calandro, con loro? | |||
43. | Aria Ali Ecco un splendido banchetto | ||
44. |
Recitativo secco ed accompagnato Ufficiale, Ali, Osmin, Rezia, Calandro, Balkis, Dardane Straniero! Voi già siete tutti scoperti |
||
SCENA VI | |||
(Recitativo) Calandro La malora a voi! | |||
45. | Intermezzo | ||
SCENA VII | |||
46. | Recitativo accompagnato Rezia, Ali, Sultano Ah signor! | ||
47. |
Coro Finale Rezia, Balkis, Dardane, Osmin, Ali, Sultano, Calandro Or gli affanni son svaniti |
Synopsis

Synopsis
The young Ali, Prince of Balsóra, pursued by fate is expelled from the country by his unscrupulous brother. He seeks refuge in Persia and is kindly received by the king there. He falls in love with the king’s daughter, Rezia, who returns his love. However, her father has promised her in marriage to someone else, so the two decide to flee. While fleeing, they are attacked by pirates and separated from each other. After a two-year search, Ali arrives in Cairo without realising that Rezia, who has been sold to the Sultan, is also there.
Act 1
In Cairo, Ali’s servant Osmin is approached by one of the begging qalandars (dervishes), who describes to him the benefits of his beggar lifestyle. Although beggars, they have already hoarded a sizable supply of gold, food and wine. The hungry Osmin follows him and does the same. Prince Ali, lamenting his fate, refuses to humiliate himself in such a manner. Meanwhile, Rezia, who enjoys a special position in the Sultan’s seraglio and has so far resisted his courtship, recognises Prince Ali on the street and tells her friends Balkis and Dardane about it. To test Ali’s fidelity, she sends her confidante Balkis to invite him to a rendezvous with a beautiful lady from the Sultan’s palace who has her eye on him. Ali politely declines the offer but, so as not to offend the lady, agrees to accompany Balkis to the house. Osmin, who is tucking into the food on offer there, advises his master to thank the lady appropriately for her kindness, but is harshly rebuked by Ali.
Act 2
Ali and Osmin recall the invitation of the women in the Sultan’s palace, with Osmin reproaching his master for not showing enough appreciation. Ali reacts quite grumpily and takes refuge in reading a book. Rezia, on the other hand, now sends a second confidante, Dardane, to test Ali’s loyalty. When he passes on this again, Rezia herself enters, and the lovers embrace, overjoyed. The past adventures with the pirates and Rezia’s sale to the Sultan are briefly explained.
They decide to flee together while the Sultan is out hunting. Meanwhile, Osmin confidently tells the qalandar that his master wants to flee with Rezia. They drink wine and the qalandar makes fun of the Islamic ban on alcohol. Osmin tasks him with obtaining supplies for the journey.
Meanwhile, Rezia confirms she has prepared everything necessary for escape including money. As their longed-for freedom is celebrated with a feast, Balkis and Dardane suddenly burst in with the terrifying news that the Sultan had surprisingly returned to the seraglio. Frightened, they look for a way out of the situation. Osmin gives them the opportunity to flee to a caravanserai via a secret staircase.
Act 3
In the caravanserai, the qalandar advises the others to flee by caravan as soon as possible, as he knows the leader personally. In the meantime, the sultan has offered a large reward for the capture of the fugitives. Everyone knows and talks about this. Rezia already fears that the qalandar could become weak, given the large reward of 10,000 thalers. Osmin strictly rejects the suspicion. However, ‘important business’ makes the qalandar leave the group. When they are about to flee, the caravanserai is surrounded by guards. The betrayal becomes obvious. Then Osmin has another idea: Ali should put on the smock of a French painter who is very well known in Cairo and imitate his extravagances, while the others should slip into the clothes of the qalandars.
However, the deception is too transparent, and the officer unmasks them and reads out the death sentence imposed on them by the Sultan. All believe themselves doomed to die.
However, when Rezia swears her faithfulness to Ali, the officer hands over another letter in which the Sultan, to everyone’s astonishment, forgives the lovers. His severity was only intended to test their loyalty. The qalandar is sentenced to death but pardoned and banished at the couple’s request. 11